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Diabetic nephropathy （DN） is one of the serious microvascular complications of diabetes mellitus （DM），and is the main cause of end-stage renal disease（ESRD） worldwide. Although lowering blood glucose and，lowering blood pressure and blocking the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system（RAAS） can reduce blood glucose，blood pressure and urinary protein to a certain extent，it is still difficult to prevent the progression of DN sometimes. The curative effect of traditional Chinese medicine on DN has been confirmed，but its mechanism is has not been fully clarified. Autophagy is a highly conserved lysosomal degradation pathway in mammals that removes protein aggregates and damaged organelles to maintain cell homeostasis. Podocyte，also known as glomerular epithelial cells，is an important component in maintaining the homeostasis of glomerular filtration barrier，and podocyte injury is considered to be a central link in the occurrence and development of DN. As a highly differentiated cell，podocyte maintains a high level of autophagy to maintain its homeostasis under physiological conditions. In DN state，mammalian target of rapamycin （mTOR），AMP-activated protein kinase （AMPK），silent information regulator 1（SIRT1） and other nutritional signaling pathways as well as intracellular stress response signaling pathways such as oxidative stress，endoplasmic reticulum stress ，and hypoxia stress，etc.，affect podocyte autophagy of podocytes， and ultimately leading to podocyte injury and the progression of DN. In recent years，regulation of podocyte autophagy has become one of the hot spots in DN research，and has also received extensive attention in the field of Chinese medicine. A review and summary of the domestic and international literature in this field reveals that Chinese medicine can affect podocyte autophagy in multiple pathways and targets. Nevertheless， those studiesbut mainly focuses on two nutrient-sensing signaling pathways，mTOR and AMPK，and there lacks more comprehensive and in-depth mechanism studies. In addition，the current research mainly concentrates focuses on the field of Chinese medicine monomers and Chinese medicine compounds，and rarely studies multi-component Chinese medicinelacking research on Chinese medicine component drugs and single drugs，and the research still lacks there is a lack of hierarchy. The regulatory mechanism of Chinese medicine on podocyte autophagy of podocytes in DN state in Chinese medicine still needs to be further studied in depth and systematically.
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OBJECTIVE: To analyze the prevalence and risk factors of hyperuricemia in male workers in a petrochemical enterprise. METHODS: A total of 1 604 male workers in a petrochemical production enterprise was selected as the study subjects using judgment sampling method. The living habits and health status of the workers were investigated, and the related examination results of hyperuricemia were collected through the “Occupational Health Surveillance and Monitoring Information System” independently developed by Guangdong Province Hospital for Occupational Disease Prevention and Treatment, and the influencing factors were analyzed. RESULTS: The prevalence of hyperuricemia in male workers was 29.6%(474/1 604). Multivariate Logistic regression analysis showed that high diastolic blood pressure, high triglyceride(TG), overweight and obesity were risk factors for hyperuricemia in male workers after excluding age, smoking and other confounding factors(all P<0.01). The results of restricted cubic spline model showed that there was a linear dose-response relationship between hyperuricemia and body mass index and diastolic blood pressure( χ~2=36.19 and 21.46, all P<0.01), and a non-linear dose-response relationship between hyperuricemia and TG( χ~2=14.56, P<0.01). CONCLUSION: The risk factors for hyperuricemia among male workers in the petrochemical enterprise included elevated diastolic blood pressure, elevated TG, overweight and obesity, and there was a dose-response relationship.
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OBJECTIVE: To explore the effect of electroacupuncture treatment on the levels of cortisol and immune factors in patients with occupational noise-induced deafness(ONID) combined with depressive symptoms. METHODS: A total of 78 ONID patients combined with depressive symptoms were randomly divided into control group(40 cases) and electroacupuncture group(38 cases) by a random number table method. The control group received routine therapy, while the electroacupuncture group was treated with routine therapy plus electroacupuncture on alternate days, 3 times a week for 4 consecutive weeks. The levels of salivary cortisol, as well as the serum levels of cortisol, tumor necrosis factor alpha(TNF-α), interleukin-6(IL-6) and C-reactive protein(CRP) of the two groups were observed and compared before and after treatment. RESULTS: Before treatment, the levels of saliva cortisol in the morning and night, and the serum levels of cortisol, IL-6, TNF-α and CRP in the two groups were compared, and the differences were not statistically significant(P>0.05). After treatment, the serum cortisol level of patients in electroacupuncture group reduced than that before treatment in the same group(P<0.05). However, there was no significant difference in the levels of salivary cortisol in the morning and night, and serum cortisol before and after treatment both in control group and electroacupuncture group(P>0.05). After treatment, the serum levels of IL-6 and TNF-α decreased in electroacupuncture group as compared with those before treatment and those after treatment in control group(P<0.01). CONCLUSION: Electroacupuncture treatment could reduce the levels of TNF-α and IL-6 in serum of ONID patients combined with depressive symptoms. The regulation of electroacupuncture on the inflammatory cytokines may be one of the mechanisms in treating ONID combined with depressive symptoms.
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OBJECTIVE: To observe the sub-acute toxicity of 1-bromopropane(1-BP) oral exposure for 28 days in SD rats. METHODS: Specific pathogen free adult female SD rats were randomly assigned to the control and exposed group, 8 rats in each group. The 1-BP was suspended in corn oil and administered by gavages in a dose of 800 mg/kg body weight to rats in the exposed group, once a day, 5 days per week for 4 weeks. The rats in the control group were given equal volume of corn oil. After the last exposure, blood and urine of rats were collected for 1-BP level detection and hematological examination. Brain, heart, lung, liver, kidney and spleen of rats were collected for gross pathological examination and histopathological examination. RESULTS: The rats of exposed group showed unstable standing, weakness of hind limbs, limping and lying down from the 3 rd week of exposure. From the 1 st to 4 th week of exposure, mean body weight of rats in the exposed group were significantly lower than those of the control group(P<0.05). In the exposed group, the level of 1-BP in urine was higher than that in blood(P<0.05), and that there was positive correlation between them(Spearman correlation coefficient=0.954, P<0.01). In the control group, 1-BP was not detected. The absolute weights of brain and lung tissue in the exposure group decreased(P<0.05), meanwhile the organ coefficients of heart, liver, spleen and kidney were significantly increased compared with the control group(P<0.05). The number of red blood cells, hemoglobin concentration, hematocrit, the mean hemoglobin concentration, the total serum cholesterol and triglycerides were decreased(P<0.05). No pathological change related to 1-BP exposure was observed in the main organs of the rats in the exposed group. CONCLUSION: The sub-acute oral toxicity of 1-BP is mainly neurotoxicity and hematotoxicity. The 1-BP level in urine may reflect its exposure.
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Objective To evaluate the antigenicity of two proteins of Mycobacteium tuberculosis (M. tuberculosis), Dnak(Rv0350) and MPT83(Rv2873), in order to provide a scientific basis for immuno-logical diagnosis of tuberculosis and research on vaccines. Methods The two antigen proteins, Dnak (Rv0350) and MPT83(Rv2873), were cloned, expressed and purified using the methods of genetic recom-bination and protein purification technology. Blood samples were collected from subjects including tuberculo-sis patients ( TB) , non-tuberculosis patients with other pulmonary diseases ( non-TB) and healthy volunteers (HV). To analyze the immunological properties of the recombinant Dnak (Rv0350) and MPT83 (Rv2873) proteins, they were used as antigens to detect humoral and cellular immunity in the subjects with enzyme linked immunosorbent assay ( ELISA ) and effector T cell enzyme-linked immunospot assay ( ELISPOT ) . Results The recombinant and purified Dnak (Rv0350) and MPT83 (Rv2873) proteins of M. tuberculosis were successfully obtained and used as antigens in the detection of humoral and cellular immunity in the sub-jects. Specific antibodies ( IgG) in the serum samples of 135 TB, 56 non-TB and 94 HV were tested with ELISA. The results showed that the sensitivity, specificity and accuracy of Dnak ( Rv0350 ) protein were 77. 80％ (105/135), 56. 70％ (85/150) and 66. 67％ (190/285). Similarly, the sensitivity, specificity and accuracy of MPT83 (Rv2873) protein were 76. 30％ (103/135), 43. 30％ (65/150) and 58. 95％(168/285). Cellular immunity was tested with the levels of IFN-γproduced by effector T lymphocytes after stimulating peripheral blood monouclear cells ( PBMC) collected form subjects of 59 TB, 65 non-TB and 64 HV with Dnak (Rv0350) and MPT83 (Rv2873) protein antigens. The results showed that the sensitivity, specificity and accuracy of Dnak (Rv0350) and MPT83 (Rv2873) proteins were 66. 10％ (39/59), 62. 79％ (81/129) and 63. 83％ (120/188), and 47. 46％ (28/59), 79. 84％ (103/129) and 69. 68％(131/188), respectively. Conclusions M. tuberculosis Dnak (Rv0350) and MPT83 (Rv2873) proteins have good antigenicity and could stimulate T cells to produce stronger immune responses. The two proteins used in combination might have promising potential in the research of immunodiagnosis of tuberculosis and the development of new anti-tuberculosis vaccines.
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OBJECTIVE@#This study aimed to characterize the diagnostic and vaccine potential of a novel Mycobacterium tuberculosis antigen Rv0674.@*METHODS@#To evaluate the diagnostic potential and antigenicity of Rv0674, IgG was evaluated using ELISA and interferon (IFN)-γ was done by using ELISpot assay among TB patients and healthy donors. For immunogenicity evaluation, BALB/c mice were immunized with Rv0674. Cytokine production was determined by cytokine release assay using an ELISA kit, and the antibodies were tested using ELISA.@*RESULTS@#The results of serum Elisa tests showed that Rv0674 specific immunoglobulin G (IgG) response was higher in TB patients than negative controls. And Rv0674 had good performance in serological test with sensitivity and specificity of 77.1% and 81.1%, respectively. While it shows poor sensitivity and specificity of 26.23% and 79.69% for IFN-γ tests. In BALB/c mice, Rv0674 adjuvant by DDA/Poly I:C could also induce a high level of IFN-γ, interleukin-2 and interleukin-6 as well as a high IgG titer in both high- and low-dose groups indicating that Rv0674 is essential in humoral and cellular immunity. Moreover, the cytokine profile and IgG isotype characterized Rv0674 as a Th1/Th2-mixed-type protective immunity with the predominance of Th1 cytokines.@*CONCLUSION@#Rv0674 may be a good potential candidate for the development of TB serological diagnosis and a new TB vaccine.
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Adult , Aged , Animals , Female , Humans , Male , Mice , Middle Aged , Young Adult , Antigens, Bacterial , Allergy and Immunology , Immunity, Cellular , Immunity, Humoral , Mice, Inbred BALB C , Tuberculosis , Diagnosis , Allergy and ImmunologyABSTRACT
Objective To evaluate the serological diagnostic value of Mycobacterium (M.)tuberculosis four new antigens Rv0432,Rv0674,Rv1566c and Rv1547.Methods Rv0432,Rv0674,Rv1566c and Rv1547 were amplified from M.tuberculosis strain H37Rv genomic DNA by using PCR,among which Rv1547 was divided into two segments for amplification (Rv1547-1 and Rv1547-2).The segments were cloned into expression vector PET-32a while the recombinant proteins were purified by affinity chromatography.Serums were incubated with BL21 (DE3) proteins.Antibodies IgG against M.tuberculosis were tested with 151 serum samples (41 healthy people and 110 TB patients) by using ELISA.The diagnostic efficiency of antigens was analyzed by means of receiver operating characteristic curve.Difference of the objective proteins in TB patients and healthy controls was compared by t-test.Results Recombinant antigens Rv0432,Rv0674,Rv1566c,Rv1547-1 and Rv1547-2 were successfully expressed and purified.Results from ELISA showed that the sensitivity,specificity,positive predictive value,negative predictive value,Youden index and area under the curve of Rv0432,Rv0674,Rv1566c,Rv1547-1 and Rv1547-2,as 43.64％-92.73％,80.49％-92.68％,0.92-0.94,0.38-0.80,0.363-0.732 and 0.649-0.915.All the objective proteins showed significantly higher antibody levels in TB patients,when compared to the healthy controls (P＜0.000 1).Condnsion The newly identified antigens Rv0432,Rv0674,Rv1566c,Rv1547-1 and Rv1547-2 all performed well when being used for TB serological diagnosis,thus were expected to be new candidate antigens used for TB diagnosis.
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<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>Macrolide susceptibility and drug resistance mechanisms of clinical non-tuberculous mycobacteria (NTM) isolates were preliminarily investigated for more accurate diagnosis and treatment of the infection in China.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Four macrolides, including clarithromycin (CLAR), azithromycin (AZM), roxithromycin (ROX), and erythromycin (ERY), were used to test the drug susceptibility of 310 clinical NTM isolates from six provinces of China with the broth microdilution method. Two resistance mechanisms, 23S rRNA and erm, were analyzed with nucleotide sequence analysis.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Varied effectiveness of macrolides and species-specific resistance patterns were observed. Most Mycobacterium abscessus subsp. massiliense were susceptible and all M. fortuitum were highly resistant to macrolides. All the drugs, except for erythromycin, exhibited excellent activities against slow-growing mycobacteria, and drug resistance rates were below 22.2%. Only four highly resistant strains harbored 2,058/2,059 substitutions on rrl and none of other mutations were related to macrolide resistance. G2191A and T2221C on rrl were specific for the M. abscessus complex (MABC). Seven sites, G2140A, G2210C, C2217G, T2238C, T2322C, T2404C, and A2406G, were specifically carried by M. avium and M. intracellulare. Three sites, A2192G, T2358G, and A2636G, were observed only in M. fortuitum and one site G2152A was specific for M. gordonae. The genes erm(39) and erm(41) were detected in M. fortuitum and M. abscessus and inducible resistance was observed in relevant sequevar.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>The susceptibility profile of macrolides against NTM was demonstrated. The well-known macrolide resistance mechanisms, 23S rRNA and erm, failed to account for all resistant NTM isolates, and further studies are warranted to investigate macrolide resistance mechanisms in various NTM species.</p>
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Humans , Anti-Bacterial Agents , Pharmacology , Bacterial Proteins , Genetics , Metabolism , China , Drug Resistance, Bacterial , Gene Expression Regulation, Bacterial , Macrolides , Pharmacology , Mycobacterium , Genetics , Polymorphism, GeneticABSTRACT
In this study,we estimated the application value of detecting Mycobacterium tuberculosis (MTB) specific IgG/IgM antibodies for tuberculosis diagnosis with colloidal gold immunochromatography assay (GICA).We collected 332 effective serum samples and their background information,including 260 patients with tuberculosis and 72 healthy individuals.The means of GICA was used to detect MTB specific IgG/IgM antibodies.Results were compared with the clinical diagnosis and the results of bacteriological tests.The SPSS 22.0 software was used to analyze the results,and when P＜0.05 the difference was statistically significant.The sensitivity and specificity of GICA were 41.15％ and 91.67％,and the sensitivity of the bacterial positive and negative patients were 51.38％ and 33.77％,respectively.The positive rate of IgG/IgM antibodies detection with GICA (41.15％) was much higher than that of bacteria with acid-fast stain of sputum smear (18.84％) and sputum bacteria cultivation (36.15 ％) (P ＜ 0.05) respectively.The positive rate of the combination of tuberculosis antibody detection,sputum bacterial culture and sputum smear was 61.54％,higher than the result of single method or combination of two methods.The detection of specific antibodies against MTB in serum with GICA is sensitive,specific,rapid and convenient,which can be used in clinical screening.Meanwhile,there are still certain limitations of this method,and the sensitivity and specificity need to be improved.Therefore,the GICA can be used as an auxiliary diagnosis combined with sputum bacteriology,imaging test and clinical features rather than diagnose tuberculosis alone.
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Objective To evaluate the serological diagnostic value of Mycobacterium (M.)tuberculosis four new antigens Rv0432,Rv0674,Rv1566c and Rv1547.Methods Rv0432,Rv0674,Rv1566c and Rv1547 were amplified from M.tuberculosis strain H37Rv genomic DNA by using PCR,among which Rv1547 was divided into two segments for amplification (Rv1547-1 and Rv1547-2).The segments were cloned into expression vector PET-32a while the recombinant proteins were purified by affinity chromatography.Serums were incubated with BL21 (DE3) proteins.Antibodies IgG against M.tuberculosis were tested with 151 serum samples (41 healthy people and 110 TB patients) by using ELISA.The diagnostic efficiency of antigens was analyzed by means of receiver operating characteristic curve.Difference of the objective proteins in TB patients and healthy controls was compared by t-test.Results Recombinant antigens Rv0432,Rv0674,Rv1566c,Rv1547-1 and Rv1547-2 were successfully expressed and purified.Results from ELISA showed that the sensitivity,specificity,positive predictive value,negative predictive value,Youden index and area under the curve of Rv0432,Rv0674,Rv1566c,Rv1547-1 and Rv1547-2,as 43.64％-92.73％,80.49％-92.68％,0.92-0.94,0.38-0.80,0.363-0.732 and 0.649-0.915.All the objective proteins showed significantly higher antibody levels in TB patients,when compared to the healthy controls (P＜0.000 1).Condnsion The newly identified antigens Rv0432,Rv0674,Rv1566c,Rv1547-1 and Rv1547-2 all performed well when being used for TB serological diagnosis,thus were expected to be new candidate antigens used for TB diagnosis.
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Objective@#To discuss the clinical pathology characteristics, strategies of diagnosis and therapy, and related prognosis factors of pancreatic neuroendocrine tumors(pNET).@*Methods@#Clinical data of 103 pNET cases in Department of Pancreatic Surgery, Changhai Hospital of Second Military Medical University were collected from January 2006 to December 2015. There were 44 males and 59 females, aged from 21 to 77 years with mean age of 48 years.Of the 103 patients, there were functional type in 21 cases and no functional type in 82 cases. Related factors on diagnosis and treatment were summarized. Moreover, univariate survival analysis was performed by Kaplan-Meier method, and COX proportional hazards model was used for multivariate survival analysis.@*Results@#The detection rates of the B-ultrasound, CT, MRI were 60.2%, 84.6% and 91.3%, respectively, and there were 44 cases located in pancreatic head, 18 cases in pancreatic neck and 41 cases in pancreatic body and tail.G1 was the most common pathological grade, and the positive rates of Chromogranin A, Syn, neuron-specific enolase and CAM5.2 were 97.1%, 97.1%, 91.3% and 93.2%, respectively. The results of statistical analysis showed that tumor grade(χ2=26.077, P<0.05), Ki-67 index(χ2=25.427, P<0.05), ENETS stage(χ2=5.915, P<0.05), AJCC stage(χ2=8.411, P<0.05), lymph node metastasis(χ2=4.770, P<0.05) and distant metastasis(χ2=8.411, P<0.05) were associated with the prognosis of pNET, and the tumor grade was an independent risk factor of the pNET′ overall prognositic factors (HR=3.085, P<0.01).@*Conclusions@#The pNET can be located in any part of pancreas, and the combination of laboratory and various imaging examinations can help make early diagnosis. In addition, tumor grade, Ki-67 index, ENETS stage, AJCC stage, lymph node metastasis and distant metastasis were closely related to the prognosis of pNET, and the higher the tumor grade, the worse the prognosis.
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OBJECTIVE: To analyze the effects of hand-transmitted vibration exposure on the finger vibratory and pain perception thresholds among drill workers in a gold mine. METHODS: By the judgement sampling method,134 male drill workers from a gold mine in the northern area of China were selected as the hand-transmitted vibration exposure group and102 fit-up workers without vibration exposure in the same mine were chosen as the control group. The finger vibratory perception thresholds,the pain perception thresholds and the occupational health examination were conducted and analyzed in these two groups. Based on the self-report with vibration-induced white finger( VWF),the workers of hand-transmitted vibration exposure group were divided into non-VWF subgroup( 105 workers) and VWF subgroup( 29 workers). RESULTS: The incidence of finger numbness,pain and self-reported white finger in the exposure group were significantly higher than those in the control group( P < 0. 05). Compared with the control group,the vibratory perception thresholds of the index finger,middle finger and ring finger of the right hand among the vibration exposure group workers were significantly higher( P < 0. 05),but there was no significant difference in the vibratory perception thresholds of the left ring finger between the two groups( P > 0. 05). The vibratory perception thresholds of both ring fingers,right index finger and right middle-finger in VWF subgroup were higher than those in control group( P < 0. 05). But no significant differences was found in the above 4 indexes in these two groups after compared to those of control group,respectively( P > 0. 05). The vibratory perception thresholds of left ring finger,right ring finger and right index finger in VWF subgroup were all higher than those in non-VWF subgroup( P < 0. 05),but the vibratory perception thresholds of right middle finger in these two groups showed no significant difference( P > 0. 05). The pain perception thresholds of index finger,middle finger and ring finger in both hands of the vibration exposure group workers were all higher than those in control group( P < 0. 05). The pain perception thresholds of middle finger and ring finger in both hands of the VWF subgroup and non-VWF subgroup were higher than those of control group( P < 0. 05). CONCLUSION: The hand-transmitted vibration can increase the thresholds of finger vibratory and pain perception in drill workers. The finger sensory perception examination could be used to assist the early detection of peripheral nerve damage induced by hand-transmitted vibration.
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<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To identify factors that can effectively predict the efficacy of laparoscopic splenectomy (LS) in the treatment of immune thrombocytopenic purpura (ITP).</p><p><b>METHODS</b>From January 2007 to September 2012, 78 patients with ITP underwent laparoscopic splenectomy were retrospectively analyzed. According to the postoperative platelet (PLT) count and haemorrhagic manifestations, they were divided into effective group and ineffective group. Nine influencing factors were univariate analyzed and multivariate analyzed.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>In effective group (65 cases) and ineffective group (13 cases), average PLT count of 1 day before surgery was 47×10(9)/L vs. 21×10(9)/L, average operative time was (166 ± 46) minutes vs. (139 ± 29) minutes. Univariate analysis result: PLT count of 1 day before surgery (Z = -2.776, P = 0.005) and operative time (t = 2.723, P = 0.011) was statistically significant in 2 groups, the rest factors did not significantly influence the result. Multivariate analysis revealed that only PLT count of 1 day before surgery was statistically significant (OR = 0.964, 95%CI: 0.932-0.997, P = 0.031) in 2 groups, but operative time (P = 0.051) was not statistically significant.</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>PLT count of 1 day before surgery is a predict factor in LS for ITP. Because of the limited sample number, further multi-center prospective study with large sample is warrant.</p>
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Adolescent , Adult , Aged , Female , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Young Adult , Laparoscopy , Multivariate Analysis , Purpura, Thrombocytopenic, Idiopathic , General Surgery , Retrospective Studies , Splenectomy , Treatment OutcomeABSTRACT
Aims: To provide a soil quality assessment frame work and threshold limits for assessing soil quality in Ultisol of subtropical China region. Study Design: Selected minimum data set for soil quality assessment and threshold limits for the study were total carbon, nitrogen, soil pH and phosphorus, biomass carbon, nitrogen and phosphorus, maize grain and fresh potato tuber yields. Soil data (2000-2010), maize grain and fresh potato yield data (2000-2009) from a long term experiment under the Institute of subtropical Agriculture, China were analyzed using the SAS statistical package and means were graphically compared to determine threshold limits for selected data set and fitted into a soil quality model. Place and Duration of Study: The key Laboratory for Agro-ecological Processes in Subtropical Regions, Chinese Academy of Sciences; Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, Changsha, Hunan China long-term experimental site in Taoyuan county, conducted from the year 2000 to 2010. Methodology: Soils samples at the experimental fields were obtained from depths 0-20 cm using an auger at each replicate in triplicates and homogenized to obtain a composite sub sample, air-dried, sieved through 2.0 mm to obtain samples for analysis in the Laboratory. Parameters analyzed for were organic carbon concentration, measured by the combustion method using an automated C/N analyzer (Vario MAX CN, Elemental Co., Germany) while total nitrogen was by the Kjeldahl method of ISSCAS (1978). Microbial carbon, nitrogen and phosphorus levels were determined using the chloroform-fumigationextraction method (Jenkinson and Powlson, 1976; Vance et al., 1987; Brookes et al., 1982) and adopting the conversion factors 0.45 (Wu et al., 1990), 0.45 (Brookes et al., 1985), and 0.29 (Wu et al., 2000) respectively for the C, N and P. Extractable N and Olson P were taken from values obtained from the non fumigated soil samples. Data obtained were statistically analyzed using the SAS package for ANOVA and significant means were separated using the Duncan’s New Multiple Range Test (DNMRT). Treatment means were also matched graphically to delineate critical threshold limits between classes for each parameter. Soil quality was assessed by using the Parr et al. (1992) equation; SQ =ƒ(SP,P,E,H, ER,BD,FQ, MI); where SQ= soil quality, SP= soil properties, P = potential productivity, E=environmental factor, H= health (human/animal), ER= erodibility, BD= biodiversity, FQ= food quality and MI= management input. A score scale of 1 to 5 was used in the assessment of parameters in the model; where 1 is best and 5 is the worst condition. However, E, H, ER, FQ and MI were each scored 1.0 because the long-term experiment has an environmental component, health factor, biodiversity, food quality and management input components that are being optimally managed. Therefore SQ= f(SP, P) was used to assess quality of the Ultisol at the uplands and slope land locations. Results: At the uplands, the practice of maize-rape/marsh residue+NK (8.54gkg-1 C, 1.0 gkg-1 N and 5.67 mgkg-1 P) treatments could be rotated with Maize-rape/nil fertilizer (7.51 gkg-1 C, 0.87 gkg-1 and 0.39 mgkg-1 P) to encourage improved soil quality by allowing for more years with soil carbon sequestration, nitrogen and phosphorus credit than years of depletion and discourage soil degradation. At the slope lands, treatments that combined application of organic and inorganic fertilizer materials [Sweet potato-rape/NP+straw (7.18 gkg-1 C, 0.88 gkg-1 N and 0.38 mgkg-1 P) and Peanut-broadbean/NP+straw (6.81 gkg-1 C, 0.86 gkg-1 N and 0.38 mgkg-1 P)] improved soil quality significantly over time by sequestering significantly higher total carbon, nitrogen and phosphorus better than sole inorganic fertilizer [Sweet potato-rape/NPK (6.52 gkg-1 C, 0.81 gkg-1 N and 0.38 mgkg-1 P)]. Conclusion: Ultisol at the upland positions had better quality (SQ1) than those at the slope (SQ2) positions. Threshold limits for nutrients, pH and yield of maize and Fresh Potato tubers in the subtropical China region Ultisol was developed.
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Motion artifacts are a main interference source of ambulatory physiology signals. The interference in wearable detection systems is more serious because of using dry electrodes. On account of the instantaneity in motion artifacts and periodicity in physiological signal, we presented a new method based on periodic component analysis for motion artifact reduction. The single channel signal is transformed into multi-channel signal with multi resolution analysis, and then periodic component analysis can help us to separate the normal physiological signal from motion artifacts. A case study in electrocardiogram (ECG) demonstrates that periodic component analysis is better than the empirical mode decomposition and adaptive filtering methods. Periodic component analysis as a time domain method can discriminate the signal with frequency aliasing, and recover the ECG waveform feature corrupted. This method can be easily extended to other physiological signal processing.
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Humans , Algorithms , Ambulatory Care , Methods , Artifacts , Electrocardiography, Ambulatory , Methods , Monitoring, Physiologic , Methods , Principal Component Analysis , Methods , Signal Processing, Computer-AssistedABSTRACT
STGC3, a novel tumor related gene, was cloned recently. The previous studies indicated that STGC3 can inhibit the proliferation of CNE2 cell line in vitro. To examine the effect of STGC3 on the tumorigenicity of CNE2 cell line and explore its mechanism in nude mice. The Tet/pTRE/CNE2-STGC3 cell line was planted under the front leg skin of nude mice and induced by doxycycline (Dox). The mRNA and protein level of STGC3 in transplanted tumor tissues were detected with RT-PCR and Western Blotting. The apoptosis ratio of the tumor cell was analyzed with flow cytometry. STGC3, Bcl-2 and Bax proteins were examined by immunohistochemistry method. The results indicated that high level of STGC3 expression can inhibit tumorigenicity of CNE2 cell line in nude mice. Tumor grew slowly, later and smaller. Cell apoptotic percentage increased. Bcl-2 protein expression was down-regulated and Bax protein expression was up-regulated in Tet/pTRE/CNE2-STGC3 cell line (P
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In an attampt to establish the functional expression of STGC3 with doxycycline (Dox) induced Tet-onregulating system in human nasopharyngeal carcinoma cell line CNE2, an ideal experimental platform wasprovided for further studies of STGC3. pTet-on regulating plasmid was transfected into CNE2, and stableexpression of Tet-on was established in CNE2 through G418 select. Then the response plasmid of recombinantpTRE-STGC3 was steadily transfected into positive CNE2/Tet-on cells with hygromycin screen. Dox was used toinduce the expression of STGC3 and a cell clone sensitive to Dox was selected. The best-induced concentrationwas determined with different concentration of Dox induction. Growth curves, clone formation rate and cell cycledistribution were detected after STGC3 gene up-regulated expression with Dox induction. The growth capacity andclone formation potential of CNE2/Tet /pTRE-STGC3 was significantly suppressed, compared with the controls(P
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Background and purpose:As a new candidate tumor suppressor gene, p33ING1b has many biological functions. This study was done to investigate its role in the regulation of the proliferation of human colon cancer cell line SW480. Methods:The pcDNA3.1(+)/p33ING1b/SW480 cells were identified by Western blot and S-P immunohistochemical method. In order to elucidate the effect of expression of exogenous p33ING1b gene on the colorectal cancer cell SW480, the proliferation rates were analyzed by growth curves and colony formation assay in soft agar for cells including SW480, pcDNA3.1(+)/p33ING1b/SW480 and pcDNA3.1(+)/SW480. At same time, the apoptotic rate of cells and the cell cycle analysis were also tested by flow cytometry.Furthermore,using western blot analysis,we detected the expression level of the protein p53, p21WAF1,Bax and Bcl-2 in those three group cells, which initially indicate the molecule mechanism of inducing apoptosis by gene p33ING1b. Results:The cell growth rates of SW480 cells transfected with pcDNA3.1 (+)/p33ING1b were slower than those transfected with pcDNA3.1(+) or untransfected.The colony formation efficiency of pcDNA3.1(+)/p33ING1b/SW480 were decreased and the apoptotic rates were increased compared with pcDNA3.1(+)/SW480 and SW480(P0.05). Conclusion:After overexpression of exogenous p33ING1b protein in SW480 cell, there were inhibition of the proliferation rate and induction of apoptosis, the molecular mechanism might be associated with up- regulated expression of Bax and down-regulated expression of Bcl-2 by p33ING1b gene.
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Experiments were performed in male Sprague-Dawley rats (150-200 g). A silver clip (0.2 mm internal diameter) was placed on the left renal artery of rats. After operation the rats were divided into 4 groups sham group, 2K1C (two-kidney one clip) group, 2K1C+Arg (2K1C and L-Arg 150 mg/kg x d(-1) by drinking) group, and 2K1C+NAME (2K1C and L-NAME 10 mg/kg x d(-1) i.p.) group. The animals were studied at two time points (4 and 7 weeks after operation) corresponding to phases I and II of Goldblatt hypertension. The animals were deeply anesthetized with pentobarbital and perfused by the cardiac route with saline (100 ml) and freshly prepared 4% paraformaldehyde in phosphate buffer (300 ml). The caudal medulla was removed, then placed in 25% sucrose in PB for 12 h in a 4 degrees C fridge. The 40 microm coronal slices of brainstems were cut with cryostat, collected in PBS for nNOS study by immunohistochemistry. The results showed that (1) only a few neuronal nitric oxide synthase (nNOS) positive neurones were found in caudal medulla, including the depressor area of the ventral surface of medulla oblongata (VSMd) and the caudal pressor area (CPA) of the sham operated animals. The number of nNOS positive neurons in caudal medulla was significantly increased in 2K1C Goldblatt hypertension rats at 4 and 7 weeks. (2) The number of nNOS positive neurons in VSMd and CPA were 2K1C+Arg > 2K1C >2K1C +NAME > sham. (3) L-Arg enhanced the expression of nNOS whereas L-NAME inhibited the expression of nNOS in caudal medulla. (4) The character of nNOS expression was similar in Goldblatt hypertension rats at 4 weeks with that of the rats at 7 weeks.
Subject(s)
Animals , Male , Rats , Hypertension, Renovascular , Medulla Oblongata , Metabolism , Nitric Oxide Synthase , Rats, Sprague-DawleyABSTRACT
Aim To investigate the arrest effect of diallyl disulfide(DADS) in the cell cycle of human nasopharyngeal carcinoma SW480 cell line and its molecular mechanism.Mothdes The growth inhibition effect of DADS of different concentrations on SW480 cell line was measured by MTT assay and cell counting.Phase distribution of cell cycle was analyzed by flow cytometry.Expression of Ubiquitin and FKBP was determined by Western blot.Results The MTT assay showed that DADS inhibited growth of SW480 cells significantly in a dose-dependent manner.Adding 25,35,50 and 70 mg?L-1 DADS for 48 hours,SW480 cell growth was suppressed by 18.67%,33.02%,49.12% and 66.86%,respectively.There were significant differences between the treated and controlled cases(P